Digital Takaful and Peer-to-Peer Takaful: A Conceptual Framework for Strengthening Ta’awun and Risk Sharing in Islamic Insurance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54518/fid.4.1.2026.1435Keywords:
Digital Takaful, Peer-to-Peer Takaful, Sharia FinTech, Ta’awunAbstract
The rapid development of financial technology has created new opportunities for modernizing Islamic insurance while also raising concerns that corporate-oriented takaful governance has gradually shifted away from its original principles of ta’awun (mutual assistance) and risk sharing. This study aims to analyze the operational integration of Digital Takaful and Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Takaful, evaluate their compliance with Sharia principles, examine their potential to enhance financial inclusion, identify major implementation challenges, and explain how this integration can restore the fundamental values of Islamic insurance. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach with a conceptual research design grounded in library research. Secondary data were collected from peer-reviewed journal articles, books, regulations, fatwas, and other authoritative sources, and analyzed through qualitative content analysis. The findings indicate that integrating Digital Takaful and P2P Takaful creates a more transparent, efficient, and community-oriented insurance model while preserving the principles of tabarru’, wakalah bil ujrah, ta’awun, and risk sharing. The analysis also reveals significant opportunities to improve financial inclusion, particularly for underserved communities, although regulatory uncertainty, cybersecurity risks, and limited Islamic financial and digital literacy remain major implementation challenges.
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